http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/-t1.htm Tue, 17 Jun 2008 13:09:46 GMT 10 http://illiweb.com/fa/empty.gif http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/-t1.htm http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-21-the-mobile-components-of-landscapes-t17.htm TERCUD "In a landscape, there are immobile elements which do not change in a measurable way at the scale of human time – rocks, for instance. Other elements are mobile and circulate. (i) For some of them, the main component of movements is vertical. The nutrients are moving up from the soil to the leaves, and the organic matter that results from photosynthesis moves down to the trunk and roots. This is true of all ecological systems, whether natural or cultivated. In other cases, the circulation ... B2 - Landscape and circulation: scale problems Tue, 17 Jun 2008 13:09:46 GMT http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-21-the-mobile-components-of-landscapes-t17.htm#19 http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-21-the-mobile-components-of-landscapes-t17.htm http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-22-penetrating-space-through-glance-t16.htm TERCUD "Besides material or information flows, people have to take account of sight: here, it is limited, as in a dense forest (Pourtier, 1989); there, it appears unlimited, as in a temperate prairie or a tropical savana. It is cut off by the obstacles that agricultural or building activities mutliply in humanized landscapes." (This is an excerpt from the text by Professor Paul Claval “THE IDEA OF LANDSCAPE”) B2 - Landscape and circulation: scale problems Tue, 17 Jun 2008 13:08:42 GMT http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-22-penetrating-space-through-glance-t16.htm#18 http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-22-penetrating-space-through-glance-t16.htm http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-23-problems-of-scale-in-landscdape-analysis-t15.htm TERCUD "As a result, the analysis of landscapes raises problems of scale: many flows take place between the elementary areas of a given landscdape; others cross the boundary between the landscape seen from here, and the landscapes which surround it. This is as true of the ecological as of the social realm. It means that a part of what happens in a given area is linked to, and often caused by, what exists elsewhere: ecosystems are parts of geosystems; social local systems (parishes) are parts of larger ... B2 - Landscape and circulation: scale problems Tue, 17 Jun 2008 13:07:49 GMT http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-23-problems-of-scale-in-landscdape-analysis-t15.htm#17 http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-23-problems-of-scale-in-landscdape-analysis-t15.htm http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-24-flows-and-externalities-t14.htm TERCUD "The existence of this multiplicity of flows creates many problems: in the natural field, there are zones where polluted water concentrate, leeward zones with acid rains, areas with inversion of temperatures during anticyclonic situations, etc.; in the social field, there are conflicts fueled by the negative externalities generated by many land uses (cattle devastating the nearby fields in rural areas; nuisance linked to noise and unpleasant smell in urban areas). A part of these positive ... B2 - Landscape and circulation: scale problems Tue, 17 Jun 2008 13:06:34 GMT http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-24-flows-and-externalities-t14.htm#16 http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-24-flows-and-externalities-t14.htm http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-25-scale-effects-and-landscape-management-t13.htm TERCUD "Scale effects have other consequences: a part at least of the decisions which deal with a given landscape unit are taken by people who do not live in it, or by people whose choices are conditioned by external centres of power or influence (markets in the economic field; regional or capital cities in the political one; religious capital cities or pilgrimages in the religious field). The contemporary evolution of pollutions leads to similar consequences. Humankind now confronts global unbalances: ... B2 - Landscape and circulation: scale problems Tue, 17 Jun 2008 13:05:21 GMT http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-25-scale-effects-and-landscape-management-t13.htm#15 http://identerraforum.darkbb.com/b2-landscape-and-circulation-scale-problems-f5/b-25-scale-effects-and-landscape-management-t13.htm